Panacea
Pandora invalid junior homonym of Pandora Bruguière 1797 (and six other "Pandoras")
Andrew V. Z. Brower
This tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.
The root of the current tree connects the organisms featured in this tree to their containing group and the rest of the Tree of Life. The basal branching point in the tree represents the ancestor of the other groups in the tree. This ancestor diversified over time into several descendent subgroups, which are represented as internal nodes and terminal taxa to the right.
You can click on the root to travel down the Tree of Life all the way to the root of all Life, and you can click on the names of descendent subgroups to travel up the Tree of Life all the way to individual species.
For more information on ToL tree formatting, please see Interpreting the Tree or Classification. To learn more about phylogenetic trees, please visit our Phylogenetic Biology pages.
close boxIntroduction
An attractive neotropical genus composed of three or as many as six species. The species exhibit variability in their wing patterns that render specific boundaries somewhat blurry. Hill et al. (2002) have conducted a phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters upon which the above tree is based.References
Hill, R.I., Penz, C.M. & DeVries, P.J. (2002) Phylogenetic analysis and review of Panacea and Batesia butterflies (Nymphlidae). J. Lepid. Soc. 56, 199-215.
Lamas G ed. 2004. Checklist: Part 4A Hesperioidea - Papiionoidea. Gainesville: Scientific Publishers/Association of Tropical Lepidoptera.
Title Illustrations
| Scientific Name | Panacea prola |
|---|---|
| Location | Amazonia Lodge, Atalaya, Peru |
| Specimen Condition | Live Specimen |
| Identified By | Kim Garwood |
| Life Cycle Stage | adult |
| View | ventral |
| Source | Prola Panacea |
| Source Collection | Neotropical Butterflies |
| Copyright | © 2004 Kim Garwood |
| Scientific Name | Panacea prola |
|---|---|
| Location | Amazonia Lodge, Atalaya, Peru |
| Specimen Condition | Live Specimen |
| Identified By | Kim Garwood |
| Life Cycle Stage | adult |
| View | dorsal |
| Source | Prola Panacea |
| Source Collection | Neotropical Butterflies |
| Copyright | © 2004 Kim Garwood |
About This Page
Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to Andrew V. Z. Brower at
Page copyright © 2011
Page: Tree of Life
Panacea . Pandora invalid junior homonym of Pandora Bruguière 1797 (and six other "Pandoras").
Authored by
Andrew V. Z. Brower.
The TEXT of this page is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media
featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available
for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the
relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and
redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright
Policies.
- First online 06 November 2006
- Content changed 17 May 2011
Citing this page:
Brower, Andrew V. Z. 2011. Panacea . Pandora invalid junior homonym of Pandora Bruguière 1797 (and six other "Pandoras"). Version 17 May 2011 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Panacea/70463/2011.05.17 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
